Fountain Pen Filling Systems Explained

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Fountain Pen Filling Systems Explained

December 20, 2016 - Posted by Stacey to Guides, Fountain Pens, Pen Modifications, Beginners' Guides, Fountain Pen Beginners' Guides

Choosing a fountain pen begins with choosing an appropriate ink-filling system. There are several ways to get ink into a fountain pen. In this post, we cover the most popular methods and weigh the advantages and disadvantages of each method.

JetPens Primer Video: Fountain Pen Filling Systems

In this JetPens Primer video, we give a general overview of the most common filling methods for fountain pens.

In the text below, we discuss each filling system in more extensive detail and list the different products that were used in the video.

Table of Contents

How to Fill a Fountain Pen with a Cartridge

A cartridge is a small reservoir of ink, usually coming in tube form. This system makes ink filling easy.

1. To install a cartridge, begin by inserting the cartridge's stopper into the fountain pen's grip section.

2. Press the cartridge down firmly into the fountain pen's grip section until the cartridge stopper is punctured.

3. Leave the pen pointing downward to help the ink saturate into the nib. This step can take an hour or two.

Products Used

Advantages of Cartridges

Cartridges are the simplest way to fill fountain pens with ink. They come preloaded with ink, making it easy to pop in a new cartridge with ease.
Cartridges are lightweight, which makes them more convenient and portable than converters and built-in filling systems, where bottled ink is necessary.
Among the systems covered in this post, they tend to be the least expensive.

Disadvantages of Cartridges

Many fountain pen brands use proprietary cartridges that are incompatible with pens from other brands, which limits color choice.
Cartridges don’t allow the use of the wide range of inks in bottled ink form. However, it’s possible to work around this drawback by using a blunt-tipped syringe to refill a spent cartridge with bottled ink.
Cartridges have less ink capacity than other filling systems since they are separate components from the barrel.

How to Fill a Fountain Pen with a Converter

A converter uses mechanical force to create a low air pressure chamber into which ink is drawn. Begin installing a converter the same way that you would install an ink cartridge. Dip the pen into a bottle of fountain pen ink until the nib and part of the grip section is submerged in the ink.

There are two types of converters: piston converters, which use a twist mechanism to draw ink, and squeeze converters, which use a simple press mechanism to draw ink. Below, we explain how to install each type of converter.

1. Piston Converter

1. Insert the converter into the pen and twist the end knob until the piston is fully extended.

2. Twist the piston in the other direction, retracting to draw ink. Repeat if the converter is not full.

3. Clean up by wiping off the nib with a paper towel and reassemble the fountain pen.

Products Used

2. Squeeze Converter

1. After inserting the converter, squeeze it. Bubbles will appear in the ink bottle as air leaves the converter.

2. Release the converter slowly and as you do so, the difference in air pressure will cause the ink to be drawn into the pen.

3. Squeeze and release again, repeating until no bubbles appear in the bottle when the converter is squeezed.

Products Used

Advantages of Converters

Many cartridge pens are also compatible with converters.
Converters give cartridge pens access to the wide variety of bottled inks.

Disadvantages of Converters

Not all converters are interchangeable. Converters sometimes use proprietary designs so it’s important to check converter and fountain pen compatibility.
Because they are separate components much smaller than the pen barrel, converters have a smaller ink capacity than built-in filling system pens or eyedropper convertible pens—many converters only hold half as much ink as a cartridge.

How to Fill a Fountain Pen with a Built-In Filling System

Rather than requiring a separate converter or cartridge, some fountain pens already have a filling system built in them, which allows writers to fill them straight from a bottle. There are two types of built-in filling system fountain pens—piston and vacuum.

1. Built-In Piston Filling System

1. To use a pen with a built-in piston, begin by submerging the entire nib into the ink bottle.

2. Continue by twisting the end knob of the fountain pen until the piston is fully extended.

3. Twist the knob in the other direction, retracting the piston and drawing ink into the pen.

Products Used

2. Built-In Vacuum Filling System

1. To fill a vacuum fountain pen, begin by unscrewing the knob at the end of the pen and pull back the plunger.

2. Push the plunger back down. This gesture creates a low air pressure environment in the ink chamber behind it.

3. Once the plunger reaches the flared part of the ink chamber, the air pressure difference causes the ink to rush into the pen.

Products Used

Advantages of Built-In Filling Systems

Fountain pens with a built-in filling system have a much larger ink capacity than a comparably sized cartridge or converter filled fountain pen since the entire pen barrel can contain ink.
Fill the fountain pen straight from the bottle and choose from the endless variety of different inks that exist in bottled form.

Disadvantages of Built-In Filling Systems

Fountain pens with built-in filling systems tend to be more expensive than fountain pens that use converters or cartridges.
Fountain pens with built-in systems can’t be used with ink cartridges, so it’s necessary to have access to bottled ink.

How to Fill an Eyedropper Fountain Pen

An eyedropper pen is one whose barrel is filled with ink using an eyedropper, syringe, or pipette. Many of the earliest fountain pens were designed as eyedropper pens and could not be filled any other way. Nowadays, most eyedropper pens are actually cartridge fountain pens that have been converted into eyedropper pens for the sake of increasing their ink capacity.

Squeeze the converter. Bubbles will appear in the ink bottle as air leaves the converter.

1. For the eyedropper method, begin by unscrewing the fountain pen barrel.

2. Coat the threads of the grip section with silicone grease to ensure a watertight seal.

3. Fill the barrel with ink up to the threads of the grip section, then reassemble the pen.

Products Used

Advantages of Eyedropper Pens

Eyedropper pens typically have a very large ink capacity because no space is wasted on separate components.
It’s possible to choose from a variety of different color inks using the eyedropper method.

Disadvantages of Eyedropper Pens

Not all cartridge fountain pens are suitable for eyedropper conversion—the pen barrel must be airtight and there should not be any exposed metal on the inside of the barrel.
Filling the fountain pen with the eyedropper method is leak-prone since the entire barrel of the pen is filled with ink rather than separate components.
The eyedropper method is less convenient and portable than a cartridge or a converter because it requires a variety of different materials, including bottled ink, silicone grease, and eyedroppers.

Conclusion

Assembling ink into a fountain pen can be intimidating, but once you understand the basics of fountain pen filling systems, falling in love with this timeless stationery icon is inevitable. Let us know in the comments below what your favorite ink filling system is and why.

Mechanism	Convenience	Capacity	Price
Cartridge	High	Medium	Low
Converter (Piston and Squeeze)	High	Low	Low
Built-In Piston	Medium	High	Medium
Built-In Vacuum	Medium	High	High
Eyedropper Convertible	Low	High	Low